Wednesday, November 27, 2024

e-Newsletter-October 2024

 Department Events:

Expert Lecture on ‘Gateway to Higher Studies through GATE Exam’ on 5/10/2024

Department of Electrical Engineering in Association with the EFFECT Students Body organized an online Expert Lecture on “Gateway to Higher Studies through GATE Exam" for TE and BE Electrical (Division: A and B) students and staff members on 5/10/2024: Resource Person was Mr. Mahesh Patil Research Engineer, Havells India Ltd. [GATE 2021 AIR: 321(EE)]. This lecture helped students acquire knowledge regarding the preparation of the GATE Exam. Selection of subjects and topics for study, week-wise and month-wise planning of study, making short notes and revising the topics were discussed in detail.

Vidyutdhara (विद्युतधारा): Illuminating Pathways of Power and Progress

The Electrical Department in association with the EFFECT Student Body celebrated 9 days of Navaratri by inviting 9 “POWERFUL” Women Alumni of our department for 20 minutes of interaction with our students. In this, students interacted with our distinguished alumna, Ms.Ashwini Ghayal, Ms Yogita Bade, Ms. Prajkta Ghule, Ms. Kasturi Bhide, Ms Vaibhavi Thakre, Ms.Vani Kaul, Ms Punam Ahire, Ms. Pooja Aaradhi and Ms Madhura Shelar. All these are available on YouTube. 

Sr.

No.

Name of Expert

Position

Dates

Youtube link

1.       

Ashwini Chitnis

Energy Sector Researcher

3-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9gd2-VOEYg

2.       

Prajakta Ghule

Deputy Executive Engineer at MSETCL

 

4-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7C9E-PmBpBo

3.       

Yogita Badhe

Lead Analyst at Sakon

5-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ow61W-fOe0

4.       

Vani Sharma

Senior Technical Sales

Manager at Mini ATE Systems

6-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUBIzFtVQY4&t=17s

5.       

Kasturi Joglekar

Associate Director at UBS

7-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SH5Uub_7sEY

6.       

Poonam Ahire

Deputy Collector

8-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=of-Fdl8n9_Q

7.       

Vaibhavi Thakare

State Tax Inspector (STI) &

Assistant Section Officer (ASO

Mantralaya)

9-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I756OP0qRZE

8.       

Pooja Aaradhi

Project Manager

10-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BghENphF1zk

9.       

Madhura Shelar

 

Director, Excellence

Learning Centre Pvt. Ltd

 

11-10-2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NObm2WvguLA



Certificate Course on "PLC and SCADA" for our Final Year

We are proud to announce the successful completion of a batch of a 30-hour Certificate Course on "PLC and SCADA" for our Final Year (Div. A) Students from 28th September 2024 to 2nd October 2024 and (Div. B) students from 3rd October 2024 to 7th October 2024.

This course provided in-depth training on Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), empowering our students with essential skills in industrial automation. Hands-on sessions and real-world applications helped strengthen their understanding of this critical technology. The course was coordinated by Prof. Atul Shewale.

Successfully Concluded the 3rd International Faculty Development Program on 'Advanced Topics in Control Systems'

We recently completed a remarkable 3-day International Faculty Development Program (17th - 19th October 2024) on Advanced Topics in Control Systems in association with the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) Nashik Local Network. The program brought together experts from around the world who shared cutting-edge knowledge and extended their collaboration to all participants. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt thanks to our exceptional speakers: Dr.Saif Ahmad, Dr.Pritesh Shah, Dr. Ravi Sekhar, Dr.Saleh Mobayen, Dr.Jeyasenthil Ramamurthy, Dr.Shamsuzzoha, Ph.D., Dr. Ali ArshadUppal, SMIEEE. Your expertise and insights have been invaluable to everyone involved. This FDP was coordinated by Dr. R. K. Munje along with Prof. Merin John and Ms.AshwiniPatil

Two-day Faculty Development Program on 'Application of ANSYS”!

The department conducted a two-day Faculty Development Program on 'Application of ANSYS in Electrical Engineering' from October 21-22, 2024, aimed at both faculty members and students. This program provided hands-on experience with ANSYS, empowering participants to harness simulation tools to innovate in areas like power systems, electrical machines, and design optimization. The enthusiasm and engagement from everyone involved truly reflect our commitment to continuous learning and technical excellence. Programs like these enable us to stay at the forefront of engineering education, equipping our faculty and students with valuable skills for real-world challenges. This FDP was coordinated by Dr.Anand Kumer.

Student Corner:

Student Placement:

The following students are placed in various multinational companies. Congratulations to all the students!

Placed Students Details (October - 2024)

Sr. No.

Name of the Student

Package

Placement Date

Akshay Vilas Gawade

5.00

05/10/2024

2.       

ShraddhaDipakTiwari

5.50

11/10/2024

3.       

SarthakRatnakarNand

5.6

23/10/2024

4.       

TusharShivajiDeore

5.6

23/10/2024



Industrial Visit on 01/10/2024 Powerinst Electromagnets Pvt. Ltd

On 1st October 2024, TY Div A students had the opportunity to visit Powerinst Electromagnets Pvt. Ltd. This insightful industrial visit provided students with a firsthand experience of real-world applications in the field of electromagnets, helping them bridge the gap between theory and practice.

A big thank you to the team at Powerinst Electromagnets for their warm welcome and for giving our students an in-depth understanding of their manufacturing processes, technology, and industry trends. Such visits are instrumental in shaping our future engineers by giving them a glimpse into the professional world. The visit was coordinated by Prof. JitendraPatil.


Alumni Meet in Berlin on 5th October 2024!

We are delighted to share that our institute, K.K.Wagh Institute of Engineering Education & Research conducted a successful Alumni Meet in Berlin on 5th October 2024 at AMRIT Restaurants Berlin, Potsdamer Platz.

The event was graced by the presence of distinguished alumni and esteemed members of our institution, Shri. Ajinkya Balasaheb Wagh, Dr.Keshav Nandurkar, Dr.Pramod Shahabadkar and Dr Prashant Kushare.

It was an incredible opportunity to reconnect, share experiences, and strengthen the bond within our alumni community. Seeing everyone together in a group photograph was a moment of pride and joy!

Industrial Visit on 04/10/2024 Powerinst Electromagnets Pvt. Ltd.

On 4th October 2024, our TY Div B students had the opportunity to visit Powerinst Electromagnets Pvt. Ltd. This insightful industrial visit provided students with a first-hand experience of real-world applications in the field of electromagnets, helping them bridge the gap between theory and practice. A big thank you to the team at Powerinst Electromagnets for their warm welcome and for giving our students an in-depth understanding of their manufacturing processes, technology, and industry trends. Such visits are instrumental in shaping our future engineers by giving them a glimpse into the professional world. The visit was coordinated by Prof. Rupali Ahire and Prof. Prajakta Dhole.

Industrial Visit on 04/10/2024 Sai Biomass Limited in Dindori

On 5th October 2024, the department successfully conducted an industrial visit for TE DivA students to Sai Biomass Limited in Dindori. This visit provided our students with valuable insights into sustainable energy production and the practical applications of biomass technology. It was an enriching experience, giving them a closer look at industrial processes and their role in a greener future. The visit was coordinated by Prof. Atul Shewale and Prof. Chetan Gadge.

Alumni Interaction on 07/10/2024 as Part of T&P Activities

On October 7, 2024, we had the privilege of hosting our esteemed alumnus, Mr. Siddhesh Suryavanshi, from the 2023-2024 batch. His journey since graduation has been nothing short of inspiring, and he generously shared his insights with our second-year students during an engaging session. He is placed in Mahindra and Mahindra.

Industrial Visit on 04/10/2024 Rishabh Instruments Limited, Nashik

On 9th October 2024, our Second Year Electrical Engineering student from Division B had the opportunity to visit Rishabh Instruments Limited, Nashik. This visit provided invaluable insight into the world of electrical instruments, manufacturing processes, and the real-time industrial environment. The students were exposed to cutting-edge technologies, and hands-on learning experiences, and got to witness the inner workings of a renowned industry first-hand. Thank you to the Rishabh Instruments team for hosting our students, The visit was coordinated by Prof. Archana Pawar.

Industrial Visit on 11/10/2024 220/132 kV Eklahare Substation in Nashik

On 11th October 2024, the students of our department had the incredible opportunity to visit the 220/132 kV Eklahare Substation in Nashik. This hands-on experience provided valuable insights into the functioning and operations of a high-voltage substation, giving them exposure to real-world power transmission systems. The visit deepened their understanding of electrical power distribution and highlighted the critical role substations play in delivering electricity safely and efficiently. Such experiences are crucial in bridging the gap between theory and practice. Prof. Rupali Ahire and Dr.Neelesh Kumar Gupta accompanied the visit.

Field Visit atBhikani Village, Sinner on 10/10/2024

Our department successfully organized an insightful visit for First Year Division O students to Bhokani Village, Sinner on 10th October 2024. The visit aimed to explore how technological advancements are being implemented to transform rural communities. Students had the chance to witness first-hand the innovative solutions adopted in the village for sustainable development, from renewable energy use to modern farming techniques and smart water management systems. This experience inspired them to think about the real-world impact of technology on society, particularly in rural areas. We are proud of our students for actively engaging in this learning experience and look forward to more such opportunities.

Industrial Visit on 11/10/2024 at 220/132 kV Eklahare Substation

On 15th October 2024, our department students (BE Div A) had the incredible opportunity to visit the 220/132 kV Eklahare Substation in Nashik. This hands-on experience provided valuable insights into the functioning and operations of a high-voltage substation, giving them exposure to real-world power transmission systems. The visit deepened their understanding of electrical power distribution and highlighted the critical role substations play in delivering electricity safely and efficiently. Such experiences are crucial in bridging the gap between theory and practice. Prof. Rupali Ahire and Prof. Chetan Gadge accompanied the visit.

Congratulations to Mr.Siddesh Kurhade

Congratulations to SiddeshKurhade,Final year for winning the prize in the Quiz competition which was conducted on 15th October 2024 to raise awareness of the Institution's Innovation Council and its initiatives.

Congratulations to Ms. Anjali Bageshwar

We are thrilled to announce that our student, Ms. Anjali Bageshwar, has won the 1st prize in the Essay Competition organized by the ISTE Student Chapter of the Institute on 16th October 2024.  Anjali received the award from Prof. Dilip Phadke, Chairman of Sarvajanik Vachanalay Nashik, in the presence of Dr.Keshav Nandurkar, Principal, and Dr.Sunil Kute, on the occasion of Vachan Prerna Divas – a day dedicated to inspiring the joy of reading.  Congratulations, Anjali! Your achievement continues to inspire your peers and the entire academic community! 

Logo Making Competition on 15/10/2024!

We are excited to announce that the Department conducted a 'Logo Making Competition' to finalize the logo for the Avishkar Student Board. Out of numerous outstanding submissions, we have selected the logo designed by Ms. Avhad Disha Bharat for the official inauguration. Ms. Disha's remarkable creativity and effort were honored on 15th October with a felicitation by Dr.Keshav Nandurkar, Principal. Her design perfectly captures the spirit of innovation and excellence that Avishkar represents. Congratulations, Disha, for her exceptional artwork! 

Congratulations!

के. के. वाघ अभियांत्रिकी शिक्षण व संशोधन संस्थेच्या मेकॅनिकल, रोबोटिक्स, ए.आय.डी.एस आणि इलेक्ट्रीकल इंजिनियरिंगच्या विद्यार्थ्यांनी भोपाल येथे दि. १ ऑक्टोबर २०२४ रोजी आय एस एन ई मोटरस्पोर्ट्स या राष्ट्रीय स्तरावरील सिझन- 10 क्वाड टॉर्क स्पर्धेत सलग तिसऱ्यांदा राष्ट्रीय स्तरावर प्रथम क्रमांक मिळविला. या आधी २०२२ मदुराई तामिळनाडू व २०२३ भोपाळ या ठिकाणी प्रथम पारितोषिक मिळविला. या स्पर्धेतील अनेक मापदंड के. के. वाघ अभियांत्रिकी संघाने यशस्वीपणे पूर्ण केले, त्यात प्रामुख्याने किल द हिल, सस्पेन्शन, एक्सेलेरेशन, एन्डुरन्स व फ्युएल इकॉनॉमी, मनुव्हेराबिलिटी, डिझाईन, कॉस्ट रिपोर्ट, बिझनेस प्लॅन, सी. ए. इ, व बेस्ट इनोवेशन अवॉर्ड, ङिस असेम्ब्ली आणी असेम्ब्ली, मड वॉकर पटकावले तसेच सर्वोत्कृष्ट रायडर हा अवॉर्ड भार्गव पाटील ह्याला मिळाला. ह्या स्पर्धेदरम्यान एकूण १६ विविध मापदंडांसाठी पारितोषिके ठरविण्यात आली होती त्यापैकी १३ पारितोषिके के. के. वाघच्या विद्यार्थ्यांनी मिळविली आहेत. विविध स्पर्धांमध्ये महाविद्यालयाचे विध्यार्थी भाग घेत असतात, त्यापैकी टिम ब्रह्मास्त्र क्वाड ने क्वाड टॉर्क ह्या स्पर्धेत प्रथम पारितोषिक मिळविले. टिम ब्रह्मास्त्र क्वाड ने सदर वाहन (ATV QUAD BIKE) बनवितांना त्याचे स्पेअर भाग जसे की इंजिन, गिअर बॉक्स, सस्पेन्शन, चासिस, ब्रेक्स, एस्थेटिक, स्टिअरिंग मेकॅनिझम साठी आवश्यक असलेली यंत्रसामग्रीचा उपयोग महाविद्यालयाच्या वर्कशॉप व आयडिया लॅब मध्ये प्रत्येक विद्यार्थ्याने सहभागी होऊन प्रत्यक्ष कौशल्य प्राप्त करून घेतले. साधारणतः ९ वर्षांपासून अभियांत्रिकी महाविद्यालयाचे विद्यार्थी ह्या स्पर्धेमध्ये भाग घेत असून सदर स्पर्धेतील वाहने बनविण्यासाठी संस्था प्रशासन, प्राचार्य डॉ. केशव नांदुरकर, प्रा. डॉ. पी. बी. कुशारे मेकॅनिकल विभाग, प्रा. डॉ. पी. जे. पवार रोबोटिक्स विभाग, प्रा. डॉ. आर. के. मुंजे इलेक्ट्रीकल विभाग, प्रा. डॉ. एन. बी. गुरुळे वर्कशॉप सुप्रिटेंडंट, श्री राहुल कारलेकर उपसुप्रिटेंडंट, श्री सुरेश कुंभारङे व वर्कशॉप स्टाफचे सहकार्य लाभले. या स्पर्धेसाठी टीम मेंटॉर म्हणून प्रा. मोहनसिंग परदेशी यांनी भरीव योगदान दिले व मुलांचा उत्साह वाढविला. या स्पर्धेत सहभागी असलेले विद्यार्थी हरीष सनेर (कॅप्टन), भार्गव पाटील (रायडर), यश पाचपुते, ओमकार पठाडे, समीर सुताने, पार्थ गडाख, आर्या सोमवंशी, विवेक आहेर, आयुष शर्मा, देवेश मंडल, वेदांत जाधव, विराज शेवाळे, वेदांत मापारी, पोर्णिमा होळकर, साक्षी देसले, वेदांत चौधरी, रोशन मेवाड़ा, आदित्य तिवारी, रुद्र चौधरी, हर्षल वाघ, देवेंद्र ठाकरे, साईश हिरवे, प्रणव जाधव, अमेय निकम, अभिनव कडू तसेच महाविद्यालयाचे व ब्रह्मास्त्र संघाचे माझी विद्यार्थी सुरभी साबळे, रोशन उगले, सुचित खैरे यांचे मार्गदर्शन लाभले. के. के. वाघ अभियांत्रिकीच्या ह्या घवघवीत यशाबद्दल संस्थेचे अध्यक्ष मा. समीरदादा वाघ व सचिव प्रा. के. एस. बंदी यांनी स्पर्धकांचे तसेच त्यांच्या मार्गदर्शकांचे अभिनंदन केले.

Alumni Interaction on 22/10/2024 as a part of T&P Activities

On October 22, 2024, we had the pleasure of welcoming back our distinguished alumnus, Mr. Hitesh Yeola from the Class of 2023-2024. Currently placed at Torrent Power, Mr. Hitesh, shared his inspiring journey since graduation with our second-year students, offering invaluable insights into the industry, career growth, and the skills that make a difference.

His words and experiences have undoubtedly left a lasting impact on our students, motivating them to aim high and make the most of their academic journey.

Faculty Corner:

Congratulations to Prof.Nayana N Jangle!

Prof. Nayana Jangle was selected as a finalist in the State Level Essay Competition organized by Ishanya Mumbai Daivadnya Public Charitable Trust (IMDPCT). She was awarded with Award of Exquisit Essay of the Year on 19th October 2024.

Congratulations to Dr.Ravindra Munje!

Dr.Ravindra Munje has successfully completed the NPTEL course on 'Design, Technology and Innovation' led by Prof. B K Chakravarthy from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay on 5th October 2024. 

Faculty Industry Visit on 29/10/2024 at CG Power and Industrial Solutions Ltd.

On 29th October 2024, Faculty members Dr.Abhishek Srivastava and Dr.Saravanan S had the opportunity to visit CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited. They engaged in insightful discussions with Shri. Mukul Srivastava, and Ms.Shrividya Iyer, Senior Executive – Human Resources. These interactions focused on exploring avenues for internships, placements, and collaborative projects that can benefit our students. Additionally, they reconnected with our alumni who are now thriving at CG Power, underscoring the value of building enduring relationships with industry leaders and our graduates alike. Such engagements are crucial in bridging the gap between academic learning and industry practices, providing our students with invaluable experiences and career opportunities

Faculty Industry Visit on 29/10/2024 at ABB

On 29th October 2024, Faculty members Dr.Abhishek Srivastava and Dr. Saravanan S had the opportunity to visit ABB India Ltd. They engaged in insightful discussions with Shri. Dayanand Kulkarni. These interactions focused on exploring avenues for internships, placements, and collaborative projects that can benefit our students. Additionally, they reconnected with our alumni who are now thriving at ABB, underscoring the value of building enduring relationships with industry leaders and our graduates alike. Such engagements are crucial in bridging the gap between academic learning and industry practices, providing our students with invaluable experiences and career opportunities. 

92nd birth anniversary of Late Hon. Balasaheb Wagh (Bhau)


On the occasion of the 92nd birth anniversary of Late Hon. Balasaheb Wagh (Bhau), the department conducted a Pratima Pujan ceremony on 19th October 2024. This event was held in honor of Bhau's immense contributions and visionary leadership, which continue to inspire us all. We pay tribute to his enduring legacy and the foundation he laid for education and community development.

Congratulations to Dr. Ravindra Munje!

On the occasion of the Institution's Innovation Day on 15th October 2024, Dr. Ravindra Munje received appreciation from our Principal, Dr. Keshav Nandurkar, for completing all the training of Innovation_Ambassador— Foundation, Advanced, and Re-skill. 

Upcoming Events:

K.K.Wagh Institute of Engineering Education & Research, Nashik is organizing an Alumni Meet on 24th November 2024 in Vapi, Gujarat! This gathering is a wonderful opportunity to reconnect with old friends, network with fellow alumni, and share memories of your time at K K Wagh.

Event Details: 

 Date: 24th November 2024

 Location: Vapi, Gujarat

Please register at https://forms.gle/ot3oNt4XFu9bSNc57.

Newspaper Cutting

Student Articles



“From Spark to Surge: Unleashing Super-Capacitors”

Abhinav Amol Keshewar SY-B,(Electrical)

abhinavkeshewar777@gmail.com


In an era defined by the pursuit of cleaner energy and more efficient technologies, the spotlight is increasingly turning toward innovative energy storage solutions. Among these, super-capacitors stand out as game-changers. Known for their ability to charge in seconds and deliver bursts of power, super-capacitors bridge the gap between traditional batteries and capacitors. They promise not only rapid energy delivery but also exceptional durability, making them pivotal in transforming industries ranging from electric vehicles to renewable energy systems.

This article delves into the evolution of super-capacitors, uncovering the cutting-edge materials and designs that drive their efficiency and exploring their growing role in powering the technologies of tomorrow. From electrifying breakthroughs to their integration into sustainable energy frameworks, super-capacitors are poised to revolutionize how we harness and utilize energy.

Fig 1Super-capacitor

1. Super-capacitor:   

A super-capacitor shown in Fig. 1, sometimes known as an ultra-capacitor or electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), is a high-capacity energy storage device that operates based on electrostatic charge separation at the interface between a high-surface-area electrode and an electrolyte. Distinguished by its ability to deliver rapid charge and discharge cycles, a super-capacitor exhibits higher energy density compared to conventional capacitors while offering superior cycle life and power density relative to batteries. It is widely utilized in applications requiring efficient energy storage and high-power delivery.

2. How Super-capacitor works?

Super-capacitors work on electrostatic energy storage, taking advantage of the electric double-layer formed between electrodes with high surface area and an electrolyte. The basic device is composed of two electrodes, such as porous, activated-carbon-based electrodes, separated by an ion-permeable separator and submerged in a suitable electrolyte. The application of a voltage causes cat ions and anions in the electrolyte to migrate to oppositely charged electrodes, forming a double-layer capacitance. Unlike any battery, super-capacitors lack bulk-phase chemical reactions, thus allowing charge-discharge cycles to be very fast and super durable. Some have pseudo capacitance where the charge is stored through reversible Faradaic reactions on surfaces of electrodes, resulting in higher energy density. The design provides for high power density, long cycle life, and operation over a broad temperature range. Super-capacitors can meet these demanding applications.

3. Why are Super Capacitors Outpacing Batteries in Energy Storage?

Super-capacitors outperform batteries in applications that demand speedy charging and discharging, high life cycle, and high power density. This product can be charged in a matter of seconds, endure millions of cycles without degradation, and is dependable within a wide range of temperatures. Moreover, super-capacitors are environment-friendly since they do not have toxic materials and have low maintenance. Although they have lower energy density than batteries, they are ideal for quick bursts of energy where high demand and short duration of energy are required.

Feature

Super-capacitor

Battery

charge/discharge speed

extremely fast(seconds to minutes)

relatively slow(minutes to hours)

cycle life

very high(millions of cycles)

limited(hundreds to thousands of cycles)

energy density

lower energy density

higher energy density

power density

high(can deliver quick bursts of power)

lower(designed for sustained power)

efficiency

high efficiency with minimal energy loss

efficiency varies, with higher losses

temperature range

operates well across a broad temperature range

narrower operating temperature range

maintenance

low maintenance, robust and durable

requires more maintenance over time

environmental impact

more environmentally friendly(fewer toxic materials)

often contains toxic materials (e.g. lead, lithium)

weight

lighter in weight for the same power output

heavier for equivalent powers storage

energy storage duration

stores energy for short durations

stores energy for longer durations

cost

typically, more expensive per kWh

usually less expensive per kWh

4. An Overview of Super-capacitor Classifications:

5. Advantages:

·         Fast charging and discharging for quick energy bursts.

·         Extremely long cycle life, enduring millions of cycles.

·         High power density for delivering instant power.

·         Operates in a wide temperature range.

·         Low maintenance and durable design.

·         Environmentally friendly with fewer toxic materials.

·         Highly efficient with minimal energy loss.

·         Lightweight and compact for space-saving applications.

·         Provides instant power delivery for stabilizing voltage.

·         Easily scalable for various applications


 6. Limitations:

Super-capacitors have some limitations that restrict their use in certain applications. They have low energy density, making them unsuitable for long-term energy storage, and they discharge quickly, limiting their effectiveness for sustained power needs. The high initial cost per kilowatt-hour and the requirement for balancing circuits in series configurations add to the complexity and expense. Additionally, individual cells operate at a low voltage range, necessitating series arrangements for higher voltage applications. While they operate across a wide temperature range, extreme conditions can still impact their performance. Supercapacitors also require more physical space to match the energy storage capacity of batteries, making them less practical for compact energy storage systems. These factors make them less suitable for applications requiring long-lasting, consistent power.

 

7. Conclusion:

Super-capacitors are powerful energy storage devices ideal for applications needing fast charging, high power density, and long cycle life. Their durability and efficiency make them suitable for high-demand tasks, though their low energy density limits long-term storage. While not a replacement for batteries, super-capacitors excel in hybrid systems and are set to play a vital role in future energy storage innovations.

 
Reference:

1. P. Thounthong, S. Rael and B. Davat, "Analysis of Supercapacitor as Second Source Based on Fuel Cell Power Generation," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247-255, March 2009, doi: 10.1109/TEC.2008.2003216.

2. Libich, Josef Máca, JiříVondrák, Ondře jČech, Marie Sedlaříková,"Supercapacitors: Properties and applications"Journal of Energy Storage,Volume 17, 2018, Pages 224-227, ISSN 2352-152X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2018.03.012.

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